Losing a loved one is never easy—but when that person passes away without a will, the grief can be compounded by confusion, uncertainty, and legal stress. Many families in Indian Hill find themselves overwhelmed by the question: What happens now?

When someone dies intestate (without a valid will), their estate must go through probate under Ohio’s intestate succession laws. This process determines how their assets will be distributed and who will be responsible for handling the estate. It’s a process that can feel cold, complex, and impersonal—especially during such an emotional time.

Understanding Ohio’s Intestate Probate Process

In Ohio, the court steps in to manage the estate of a person who dies without a will. That means:

  • The court chooses who receives the property, based on state inheritance laws—not necessarily what your loved one would have wanted.
  • An administrator is appointed to manage the estate, often a family member, but sometimes someone with no close relationship to the deceased.
  • Every step must follow legal procedure, from inventorying assets to notifying heirs and creditors to distributing the estate.

This legal process—while necessary—can feel overwhelming for families already coping with loss, especially when it involves high-value or complex assets, such as real estate, investments, or family businesses common in Indian Hill estates.

What Happens If Someone Dies Without a Will in Ohio?

When someone passes away without a valid will, they are considered to have died “intestate.” In these cases, Ohio’s intestate succession laws determine who inherits the estate—and in what order. The probate court oversees the entire process, making decisions based solely on the law, not on personal wishes or family dynamics.

This can come as a surprise to families in Indian Hill, especially when the decedent’s intentions were informally known but never documented in a legally binding way.

Ohio’s Intestate Succession: Who Inherits?

If there is no will, the Ohio Revised Code provides a strict inheritance structure. Here’s a simplified overview:

  • If the deceased had a spouse but no children, the spouse usually inherits everything.
  • If the deceased had children but no spouse, the children inherit the estate equally.
  • If the deceased had a spouse and children, the distribution depends on whether the children are also the spouse’s biological or adopted children:
    • If yes: the spouse typically inherits everything.
    • If no (e.g., from a previous relationship): the estate is divided between the spouse and children.
  • If there is no spouse or children, the estate goes to the next closest relatives in this order:
    • Parents
    • Siblings
    • Nieces and nephews
    • Extended relatives (such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, or cousins)

Friends, unmarried partners, and stepchildren generally do not inherit under intestate succession unless they are legally adopted or named in a valid estate plan.

The Court Controls the Process

Unlike an estate with a valid will—where the decedent chooses who inherits and who manages the estate—the probate court makes all key decisions in an intestate case. That includes:

  • Appointing someone to serve as estate administrator
  • Approving or rejecting creditor claims
  • Overseeing the distribution of assets based strictly on legal formulas

Even when families agree on what the deceased “would have wanted,” the court is legally bound to follow Ohio’s statutes.

Appointing an Administrator Instead of an Executor

When someone passes away without a will, they haven’t named an executor to manage their estate. In these cases, the probate court must appoint an administrator—a person who will take on similar responsibilities but is chosen by the court rather than the deceased.

This change in process can be confusing and emotionally difficult for families, especially in high-stakes situations involving property, family businesses, or multiple heirs. At Keller, Barrett & Higgins, we guide Indian Hill families through this transition with clarity and care.

How the Court Appoints an Administrator

The Hamilton County Probate Court appoints an estate administrator based on a legal priority list set by Ohio law. Generally, preference is given to:

  1. Surviving spouse
  2. Adult children
  3. Parents
  4. Siblings or other next of kin

If no suitable family member steps forward—or if there is conflict—the court may appoint a neutral third party or attorney to administer the estate.

It’s important to note that the administrator must be:

  • Over the age of 18
  • Mentally competent
  • Bonded (in most cases), unless all heirs agree to waive that requirement

Responsibilities of an Administrator

The estate administrator takes on a legal role similar to an executor. Their core duties include:

  • Filing a petition to open the estate in probate court
  • Identifying, valuing, and managing estate assets
  • Notifying creditors and paying valid debts
  • Filing necessary tax returns
  • Distributing remaining assets according to Ohio intestate laws
  • Providing a final accounting to the court before closing the estate

Because the administrator has a fiduciary duty, they are legally obligated to act in the best interest of the estate and its heirs—mistakes can result in personal liability.

How KBH Supports Estate Administrators in Indian Hill

Serving as an administrator can be overwhelming, especially when you're grieving or managing complex assets. At KBH, we offer:

  • Step-by-step legal guidance from probate filing to estate closure
  • Help with required forms, court procedures, and legal deadlines
  • Assistance with managing and valuing real estate, investments, or business interests
  • Support for administrators facing conflict or potential litigation
  • Protection from liability through diligent legal oversight

We ensure that estate administrators understand their role and feel confident fulfilling it—so the estate is handled properly, and the family’s legacy is honored.

Key Steps in the Probate Process Without a Will

Filing the Estate in Hamilton County Probate Court

The probate process begins with filing a petition in the Hamilton County Probate Court, requesting that the estate be opened and an administrator be appointed. This step requires gathering basic information about the decedent, the estimated value of their assets, and identifying potential heirs.

Inventorying and Appraising the Estate

Once appointed, the administrator must locate and inventory all estate assets, including:

  • Real estate
  • Bank accounts and investments
  • Personal property
  • Business interests
  • Retirement accounts (if payable to the estate)

An official appraisal may be required for certain assets to determine their fair market value. The inventory is then submitted to the court for review.

Notifying Heirs and Creditors

Ohio law requires the administrator to provide formal notice to all heirs, even if they aren’t expected to inherit. Creditors must also be notified and given an opportunity to present claims for any outstanding debts.

This part of the process is time-sensitive and critical for protecting the estate from future legal disputes.

Paying Debts and Taxes

Before any assets can be distributed, the administrator must pay all valid debts, including:

  • Funeral expenses
  • Credit card balances
  • Medical bills
  • Income and estate taxes (if applicable)

Failure to properly resolve debts can expose the administrator to personal liability, so it’s essential to handle this stage with legal oversight.

Distributing Assets According to Ohio Intestacy Laws

Once debts and taxes are satisfied, the remaining estate is distributed according to Ohio’s intestate succession laws (as outlined in Section 2). The administrator must follow this legal structure—personal preferences or verbal wishes cannot override the law.

Final Accounting and Closing the Estate

To close the estate, the administrator must file a final accounting with the court, showing:

  • All assets received
  • Debts and expenses paid
  • How and to whom the assets were distributed

Once the court approves the final accounting, the estate can be closed and the administrator discharged.

We're Here to Help—Every Step of the Way

Losing a loved one without a will is never easy—but you don’t have to face the legal complexities of probate alone. At Keller, Barrett & Higgins, we understand the emotional and practical challenges that come with settling an estate without clear direction.

Our experienced probate attorneys help Indian Hill families navigate Ohio’s intestate process with clarity, efficiency, and compassion—ensuring that your rights are protected, conflicts are minimized, and your loved one’s estate is handled with the respect it deserves.

📞 Call us today at (513) 351-6058 📩 Or contact us online to schedule a private consultation.

Let KBH give you the peace of mind that comes from having a strong, steady legal team by your side.